Which of the following best explains why lipids are not "true" polymers? Possible Answers:
Lipids are not "true" polymers because lipids are composed of repeating units of the same molecules or atoms.
Lipids are not "true" polymers because lipids are not composed of repeating units of the same molecules or atoms.
Lipids are "true" polymers because lipids are not composed of repeating units of the same molecules or atoms.
Lipids are "true" polymers because lipids are composed of repeating units of the same molecules or atoms.
Correct answer: Lipids are not "true" polymers because lipids are not composed of repeating units of the same molecules or atoms. Explanation: Polymers are molecules that are made of two or more repeating units of the same molecule or atom. For example, a polysaccharide is made of two or more monosaccharides bonded by dehydration synthesis. Lipids, on the other hand, are not. For example, triglycerides are composed of a glycerol molecule covalently bonded to three fatty acids via dehydration synthesis; however, fatty acids are elongated by the addition of methyl groups to the fatty acid chain.
Which of the following is not a lipid? Possible Answers:
Explanation: Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds containing 4-28 carbons. Lipids include fats, cholesterols, and vitamins. Lipids have a hydrophilic region with a polar carboxyl group and a hydrophobic region with a non-polar hydrocarbon chain. Lipids can be either saturated fatty acids (i.e. no double bonds) or unsaturated (i.e. one or more double bonds). The double bonds add a kink and reduce the melting point. Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is used for energy storage in animals.
Which of the following best describes the function of glycogen? Possible Answers:
Energy storage in animals
Ubiquitous fuel source used by most organisms
Correct answer: Energy storage in animals Explanation: Glycogen is a polysaccharide made by animals for energy storage. If it is not used, then it will be converted to fat for more permanent storage. Starch is a polysaccharide that functions as plant storage. The polysaccharide cellulose provides structure to plants. Glucose is a ubiquitous fuel source used by most organisms in some of the following ways: aerobic respiration, fermentation, or anaerobic respiration. Glucose is also the product of photosynthesis.
Which of the following is not a type of polysaccharide? Possible Answers:
Explanation: Maltose is a type of disaccharide that consists of two molecules of the monosaccharide glucose. Monosaccharides come together to produce a disaccharide and a molecule of water: condensation reaction. Polysaccharides include starch, glycogen, and cellulose. Starch is responsible for plant energy storage and includes amylose and amylopectin. Glycogen is used in animals for energy storage. Cellulose is a structural molecule utilized in plants.
Which of the following pair of monosaccharides make up lactose? Possible Answers:
Correct answer: Glucose-galactose Explanation: Monosaccharides come together to produce a disaccharide and a molecule of water. Lactose is a disaccharide that consists of a molecule of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose. Maltose is a type of disaccharide that consists of two molecules of the monosaccharide glucose. Sucrose is a disaccharide that consists of a molecule of both the monosaccharides glucose and fructose.
Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin? Possible Answers:
Correct answer: Vitamin C Explanation: Vitamins A, D, E, K are all fat-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of fat (i.e. lipids). Because these vitamins are not water-soluble they are not excreted in urine and thus are more likely to accumulate in the body, leading to hypervitaminosis (i.e. excess amounts of vitamins A, D, E, and K can lead to health consequences.). Vitamin C is water-soluble and is excreted in urine; therefore, regular intake is important.
Humans can produce or obtain vitamins from a variety of means; however, they cannot be obtained from which of the following? Possible Answers:
Ultraviolet rays in sunlight
Intestinal microorganisms
Explanation: Humans can obtain vitamins from a variety of mechanisms. Diet—consumption of food—is an intuitive resource that provides humans with vitamins; however, there are certain vitamins that are obtained by other means. Intestinal microorganisms help us produce both vitamin K (a fat soluble vitamin) and biotin. After exposure to sunlight’s natural ultraviolet light vitamin D is synthesized within the skin. Vitamin deficiencies can be very serious and include the following disorders: rickets, beriberi, scurvy, and night-blindness.
Which of the following steroids is the precursor to all other steroids? Possible Answers:
Correct answer: Cholesterol Explanation: Cholesterol is the precursor to all steroid hormones. Cholesterol is used as a structural component in cell membranes. It is also a precursor for many hormones—including testosterone and progesterone—and vitamins. Cholesterol is involved in cell communication including: intracellular transport, cell signaling, and nerve conduction. There are two primary types of cholesterol: LDL and HDL.
Which of the following is not true regarding phospholipids? Possible Answers:
They have a polar and non-polar group
They function in cell membranes
Correct answer: They are only non-polar Explanation: Phospholipids are a type of complex lipid. They consist of a glycerol, two fatty acids, and a polar phosphate group with an alcohol. Their function is to create cell membranes, specifically the fluid mosaic model. They have a polar "head" and a non-polar "tail." The head is hydrophilic ("water loving"), and the tail is hydrophobic ("water hating"), making it perfect for making membranes.
Carbohydrates are composed of which of the following elements? Possible Answers:
Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen
Correct answer: Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen Explanation: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, cellulose, and chitin. Carbohydrates can be organized into four chemical groups including: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. The small carbohydrates called monosaccharides and disaccharides are typically referred to as sugars. Carbohydrates perform many roles in living organisms most notably energy and structural components (e.g. cellulose and chitin).
Simone
Furman University, Bachelor of Science, Biology, General.
Cherub
SUNY at Binghamton, Bachelors, Biological Science. University at Buffalo, Current Grad Student, Medicine.
Tierra
Norfolk State University, Bachelor of Science, Biology, General. UDC/Georgetown University, Master of Science, Cancer Biology...
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Which of the following statements best explains why carbohydrates and fats may be considered
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