Como podemos comparar o artigo 6 com nossos dias atuais

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III. As altas Partes Contractantes, considerando a immensa extensað das costas de Africa ao norte do Equador, onde este commercio fica prohibido, e a facilidade que haveria de fazer hum trafico illicito naquellas paragens onde a falta total ou talvez a distancia das authoridades competentes impedisse de se recorrer a estas authoridades, para se opporem ao dito commercio: e para mais facilmente alcançarem o fim util que tem em vista ; conviérað de conceder, e com effeito se concedem mutuamente, a faculdade, sem prejudicar aos direitos de Soberania, de vizitar e de deter, como se se encontrasse no mar largo, qualquer navio que for achado com escravos a bordo, ainda mesmo ao alcance de tiro de peça de terra das costas dos seus territorios respectivos, no continente da Africa ao norte do Equador, huma vez que ali não haja authoridade local á qual se possa recorrer, como fica dito no Artigo antecedente. No caso sobredito, os navios vizitados poderáð ser conduzidos perante as Commissoens mixtas, na forma estipulada no Artigo 1 das prezentes instrucçoens.

IV. Naš poderáð ser detidos, debaixo de pretexto algum, os navios Portuguezes mercantes, ou empregados no commercio de Negros, que forem encontrados em qualquer paragem que seja, quer perto do terra quer no mar largo, ao sul do Equador, a menos que nað seja em consequencia de se lhes haver começado a dar caça ao norte do Equador. .

V. Os navios Portuguezes munidos de hum passaporte em regra, que tiverem carregado a seu bordo escravos nos pontos da costa de Africa onde o commercio de negros he permittido aos vassallos Portuguezes, e que depois forem encontrados ao norte do Equador, nað deveráð ser detidos pelos navios de guerra das duas naçoens, quando mesmo estejam munidos das prezentes instrucçoens, com tanto que justifiquem a sua derrota, seja por ter, segundo os uzos da navegaçað Portugueza, feito um bordo para o norte de alguns gráos, a fim de hir buscar ventos favoraveis, seja por outras cauzas legitimas, como as fortunas de mar, devidamente provadas; ou seja finalmente no cazo em que os seus passaportes mostrarem que elles se destinað para algum dos portos pertecentes á Coroa de Portugal que estað situados fóra do continente da Africa.

Bem entendido que, pelo que respeita aos navios de escravaIII. The high Contracting Powers having in view the immense extent of the shores of Africa, to the north of the Equator, along which this commerce continues prohibited, and the facility thereby afforded for illicit traffic, on points where either the total absence, or at least the distance of lawful authorities bar ready access to those authorities, in order to prevent it, have agreed, for the more readily attaining the salutary end which they propose, to grant, and they do actually grant to each other the

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(sempre que for praticavel) no espaço de vinte dias, contados daquelle em que cada navio detido for conduzido ao porto da sua rezidencia:

1. Sobre a legitimidade da captura.

2. Sobre as indemnidades que o navio aprezado deverá receber no cazo de se lhe dar liberdade.

Ficando estipulado que em todos os cazos a sentença final nað poderá ser differida alem do termo de dous mezes, quer seja por cauza de auzencia de testemunhas, ou por falta de outras provas ; excepto á requerimento de alguma das partes interessadas, com tanto que estas dêm fiança sufficiente de se encarregarem das despezas e riscos da demora, no qual cazo os Commissarios poderað, á sua discriçað, conceder huma demora addicional, a qual nað passará de quatro mezes.

II. Cada huma das sobreditas Commissoens mixtas que devem rezidir na costa de Africa e no Brasil, será composta da maneira seguinte, a saber:

As duas altas Partes Contractantes nomearaó cada huma dellas hum Commissario Juiz, e hum Commissario Arbitro, os quaes serað authorizados a ouvir e decidir, sem appellaçað, todos os cazos de captura dos navios de Escravatura, que lhes possað ser submettidos, conforme a estipulaçað da Convençað Addicional da data de hoje. Todas as partes essenciaes do processo perante estas commissoens mixtas, deverað ser feitas por escripto na lingua do paiz onde rezidir a commissað.

Os Commissarios Juizes e os Commissarios Arbitros prestarað juramento, perante o magistrado principal do paiz onde rezidir a Commissað, de bem e fielmente julgar, de nað dar preferencia alguma nem aos reclamadores nem aos captores, e de se guiarem em todas as suas decizoens pelas estipulaçoens do Tratado de 22 de Janeiro de 1815, e da Convençað Addicional ao mesmo Tratado.

Cada Commissað terá hum Secretario ou Official de Registo, nomeado pelo Soberano do paiz onde rezidir a Commissað. Este official deverá registar todos os actos da commissað; e antes de tomar posse do lugar deverá prestar juramento, ao menos perante hum dos Juizes Commissarios, de se comportar com respeito á sua authoridade, e de proceder com fidelidade em todos os negocios pertencentes ao seu emprego.

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1. Pelo casco, massame, apparelho, e mantimentos.
2. Por todo o frete vencido, ou que se possa

vir a dever. 3. Pelo valor da sua carga de generos, se a tiver.

4. Pelos Escravos que se achavam a bordo no momento da detençað, segundo o calculo do valor dos sobreditos Escravos no lugar do seu destino, dando sempre porem o desconto pela mortalidade que naturalmente teria accontecido, se a viagem nað tivesse sido interrompida ; e alem disso por todos os gastos e despezas que se hajaõ de incorrer com a venda de taes cargas, incluindo commissaõ de venda, quando esta haja de se pagar.

5. Por todas as demais despezas ordinarias em cazos semelhantes de perda total.

E em outro qualquer cazo, em que a perda nað seja total o requerente ou requerentes serað indemnisados.

1. Por todos os damnos e despezas especiaes occasionadas ao navio pela detençað e pela perda do frete vencido, ou que se possa vir a dever.

2. Huma somma diaria regulada pelo numero de tonelladas do navio, para as despezas da demora, quando a houver, segundo a cedula annexa ao prezente Artigo.

3. Huma somma diaria, para manutençað, dos Escravos, de hum shilling (ou cento e oitenta reis) por cabeça, sem distinçað de sexo, nem de idade, por tantos dias quantos parecer à commissað que a viagem haja sido, ou possa ser retardada por cauza da detençað; e tambem,

4. Por toda e qualquer deterioraçað da carga ou dos Escravos.

5. Por qualquer diminuiçað no valor da carga de Escravos, por effeito de mortalidade augmentada alem do computo ordinario parataes viagens, ou por cauza de molestias occasionadas pela detençað; este valor deverá ser regulado pelo calculo do preço que os sobreditos Escravos teriað no lugar do seu destino, da mesma forma que no cazo precedente de perda total.

6. Hum juro de cinco por cento sobre o importe do capital empregado na compra e manutençað da carga, pelo periodo da demora occazionada pela detençað, e

7. Por todo o premio de seguro sobre o augmento de risco.

O requerente ou requerentes poderað outrosim pretender hum juro, a razað de cinco por cento por anno, sobre a somma adju

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1st. For the ship, her tackle, apparel, and stores ; 2dly. For all freight due and payable ; 3dly. For the value of the cargo of merchandize, if any;

4thly. For the Slaves on board at the time of detention, according to the computed value of such Slaves at the place of destination ; deducting therefrom the usual fair average mortality for the unexpired period of the regular voyage ; deducting also for all charges and expences payable upon the sale of such cargoes, including commission of sale when payable at such port; and

5thly. For all other regular charges in such cases of total loss; and in all other cases not of total loss, the claimant or claimants shall be indemnified,

First, for all special damages and expences occasioned to the ship by the detention, and for loss of freight when due or payable ;

Secondly, a demurrage when due, according to the schedule annexed to the present Article ;

Thirdly, a daily allowance for the subsistence of slaves, of one shilling, or one hundred and eighty reis for each person, without distinction of sex or age, for so many days as it shall appear to the Commission that the voyage has been or may be delayed by reason of such detention; as likewise,

Fourthly, for any deterioration of cargo or slaves;

Fifthly, for any diminution in the value of the cargo of slaves, proceeding from an increased mortality beyond the average amount of the voyage, or from sickness occasioned by detention; this value to be ascertained by their computed price at the place of destination, as in the above case of total loss;

Sixthly, an allowance of five per cent. on the amount of capital employed in the purchase and maintenance of cargo, for the period of delay occasioned by the detention; and

Seventhly, for all premium of insurance on additional risks.

The claimant or claimants shall likewise be entitled to interest, at the rate of five per cent. per annum on the sum awarded, unti!

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Havendo-se concluido entre Sua Magestade Britannica e Sua Magestade Fidelissima huma Convençað, assignada em Londres, aos 28 de Julho de 1817, que tem por objecto o impedir o trafico illicito d’escravatura :

E tendo-se declarado pelo Artigo segundo da sobredita Convençað que o trafico d'escravatura continua a ser permittido aos vassallos Portuguezes, unicamente em certos territorios que no mencionado Artigo se descrevem :

E porquanto os Territorios de Molembo e Cabinda, se achao designados no sobredito Artigo como situados na costa Oriental de Africa, o que evidentemente se mostra ser hum engano de palavras, pois que os ditos Territorios de Molembo e Cabinda estao de facto situados na costa Occidental, e nao na costa Oriental de Africa:

Declarað os abaixo assignados que se terá por annulada a palavra Oriental n'aquella parte de Artigo segundo acima mencionada, substituendose-lhe a palavra Occidental, e que a ultima parte de referido Artigo fica portanto sendo de teor seguinte:

“Os Territorios de Molembo e Cabinda na costa Occidental da Africa, desde o quinto grau e doze minutos até ao oitavo grau de latitude meridional."

Convierað outrosim os abaixo assignados em que a presente Declaraçað seja considerada como parte integrante da sobredita Convençað.

Em testemunho e fé do que, os abaixo assignados, Secretario d'Estado de Sua Magestade Britannica da Repartiçaõ dos Negocios Estrangeiros, e Enviado Extraordinario e Ministro Plenipotenciario de Sua Magestade Fidelissima junto a Sua Magestade Britannica, firmáram a presente Declaraçao com os seus proprios punhos, o a sellaram com os sellos das suas armas, em Londres, aos trez dias do mez de Abril de 1819.

Assignada CASTLEREAGH, (L. S.)

CONDE DE PALMELLA, (L. S.)

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TREATY between Great Britain and Sardinia.

Vienna, 20th May, 1815.

EXTRACT. (Translation, as laid before Parliament.)

I. The borders of the former States of Genoa, and of the countries called Imperial Fiefs, united to the States of His Majesty the King of Sardinia, according to the following Articles, shall be the same as those which, on the 1st of January, 1792, separated those countries from the States of Parma and Placentia, and from those of Tuscany and Massa.

The Island of Capraja, having belonged to the ancient Republic of Genoa, is included in the cession of the States of Genoa to His Majesty the King of Sardinia.

II. The States which constituted the former Republic of Genoa, are united in perpetuity to those of His Majesty the King of Sardinia ; to be, like the latter, possessed by Him in full Sovereignty and hereditary property, and to descend, in the male line, in the order of primogeniture, to the two branches of His House, viz., the Royal Branch, and the Branch of Savoy Carignan.

IV. The Genoese shall enjoy all the rights and privileges specified in the Act, intituled “ A. A. Conditions which are to serve as the bases of the union of the Genoese States to those of His Sardinian Majesty;" and the said Act shall be considered as an integral part of the present Treaty, and shall have the same force and validity as if it were textually inserted in the present Article.

V. The countries called Imperial Fiefs, formerly united to the ancient Ligurian Republic, are definitively united to the

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I. Sa Majesté Britannique consent à ce que tous les privilèges et exemptions dont Ses sujets et leur Commerce, et leurs bâtimens marchands ont joui, et jouissent dans les Etats, Ports, et Domaines de Sa Majesté Sicilienne, à cause du Traité de Paix et de Commerce conclû à Madrid, le 2% Mai, 1667, entre la Grande Bretagne et l'Espagne ; des Traités de Commerce entre les mêmes Puissances, signés à Utrecht, le 9 Décembre, 1713, et à Madrid, le 13 Décembre, 1715; et de la Convention conclue à Utrecht, le as Floriser1712–13, entre la Grande Bretagne et le Royaume de Sicile, soient abolis; et il est convenu en conséquence, entre Leurs dites Majestés Britannique et Sicilienne, Leurs héritiers et successeurs, que les dits privilèges et exemptions, soit des personnes, soit de pavillon et bâtimens, sont, et resteront abolis à perpétuité.

II. Sa Majesté Sicilienne s'engage à ne point continuer, et à ne point accorder dans la suite, les privilèges et exemptions qu'on abolit par la présente Convention, aux sujets d'aucune autre Puissance quelconque.

III. Sa Majesté Sicilienne promet que les sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique ne seront point assujettis dans Ses Etats, à un systême plus rigoureux de visites de douane et de recherches, que celui qui est applicable aux sujets de Sa dite Majesté Sicilienne.

IV. Sa Majesté le Roi des Deux Siciles promet que le Commerce Britannique en général, et les sujets Britanniques qui l'exerceront, seront traités, dans tous Ses Etats, sur le même pied que les nations les plus favorisées, non seulement par rapport aux personnes et propriétés des dits sujets Britanniques, mais aussi à l'égard de toute espèce d'article dont ils font commerce,

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V. With respect to the personal privileges to be enjoyed by the subjects of His Britannic Majesty in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, His Sicilian Majesty promises that they shall have a free and undoubted right to travel and to reside in the Territories and Dominions of His said Majesty, subject to the same precautions of police which are practised towards the most favoured nations. They shall be entitled to occupy dwellings and warehouses, and to dispose of their personal property of every kind and description, by sale, gift, exchange, or will, and in any other way whatever, without the smallest loss or hindrance being given them on that head. They shall not be obliged to pay, under any pretence whatever, other taxes or rates than those which are paid, or that hereafter may be paid, by the most favoured nations in the Dominions of His said Sicilian Majesty. They shall be exempt from all military service, whether by land or sea; their dwellings, warehouses, and every thing belonging or appertaining thereto for objects of commerce or residence, shall be respected. They shall not be subjected to any vexatious search or visits. No arbitrary examination or inspection of their books, papers, or accounts, shall be made under the pretence of the Supreme Anthority of the State, but these shall alone be executed by the legal sentence of the competent tribunals. His Sicilian Majesty engages on all these occasions to guarantee to the subjects of His Britannic Majesty who shall reside in His States and Dominions, the preservation of their property and personal security, in the same manner as those are guaranteed to His subjects, and to all foreigners belonging to the most favoured and most highly privileged nations.

VI. According to the tenor of the Articles I and II of this Treaty, His Sicilian Majesty engages not to declare null and void the privileges and exemptions which actually exist in favour of British Commerce within His Dominions, till the same day, and except by the same Act, by which the privileges and exemptions whatsoever they are, of all other nations, shall be declared null and void within the same.

VII. His Sicilian Majesty promises, from the date when the où l'abolition générale des privilèges, selon les Articles I, II, et VI, aura lieu, une diminution de dix pour cent, sur le montant des impôts payables selon le tarif en vigueur le ler de Janvier, 1816, sur la totalité des marchandises ou productions du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et de l'Irlande, Ses Colonies, Possessions, et Dépendances, importées dans les Etats de Sa dite Majesté Sicilienne, d'après la teneur de l'Article IV de la présente Convention ;-bien entendu que rien dans cet Article soit construit d'empêcher le Roi des Deux Siciles d'accorder, si bon Lui semble, une pareille diminution d'impôt aux autres nations étrangères.

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trade and commerce hath been accustomed), and there trade, buy, and sell, as well of and to the inhabitants of the respective places, as those of their own nation, or any other nation that shall be or come there.

III. That the said Kings of Great Britain and Spain shall take care that their respective people and subjects from henceforward do abstain from all force, violence, or wrong; and if any injury shall be done by either of the said Kings, or by the people or subjects of either of them, to the people or subjects of the other, against the Articles of this Alliance, or against common right, there shall not therefore be given letters of reprisal, marque, or counter-marque, by any of the Confederates, until such time as justice is sought and followed in the ordinary course of law. But if justice be denied or delayed, then the King, whose people or inhabitants have received harm, shall ask it of the other, by whom (as is said) the justice shall have been denied or delayed, or of the Commissioners that shall be by the one King or the other appointed to receive and hear such demands, to the end that all such differences may be compounded in friendship, or according to law. But if there should be yet a delay, or justice should not be done, nor satisfaction given within six months after having the same so demanded, then may be given letters of reprisal, marque, or counter-marque.

IV. That between the King of Great Britain and the King of Spain, and their respective people, subjects, and inhabitants, as well as upon sea, as upon land, and fresh waters, in all and every their Kingdoms, lands, countries, Dominions, confines, Territories, provinces, islands, plantations, cities, villages, towns, ports, rivers, creeks, bays, streights and currents, where hitherto trade and commerce hath been accustomed, there shall be free trade and commerce, in such way and manner, that without safe conduct, and without general or particular license, the people and subjects of each other may freely, as well by land as by sea, and fresh waters, navigate and go into their said countries, Kingdoms, Dominions, and all the cities, ports, currents, bays, districts, and other places thereof; and may enter into any port with their ships laden or empty, carriage or carriages wherein to bring their merchandize, and there buy and sell what and how much they please, and also at just and reasonable rates provide themselves with provisions and other necessary things for their subsistence and voyage ; and also may repair their ships and carriages, and from thence again freely depart with their ships, carriages, goods, merchandize and estate, and return to their own countries, or to such other places as they shall think fit, without any molestation or impediment, so that they pay the duties and customs which shall be due, and saving to either side the laws and ordinances of their country.

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allowed, shall be put down in writing, declaring as well the species of what is imported, as what is carried out. And if

And if any officer, or any other in his name, upon any pretence whatsoever, in public or secret, directly or indirectly, shall ask or receive of any merchant or other person respectively, any sum of money or other thing, by the name of right, due, stipend, allowance, or recompense (though it be by the way of voluntary donative) more or otherwise than aforesaid, the said officer or his deputy being in such manner guilty, and convicted before a competent Judge in the country where the crime is committed, shall be put in prison for three months, and shall pay thrice the value of the thing so received ; of which the half shall be for the King of the country where the crime is committed, and the other half for the denunciator, for the which he may sue his right before any competent Judge of the country where it shall happen.

VII. That it shall be lawful for the subjects of the King of Great Britain, to bring out, and carry into Spain, and all or any lands and Dominions of the King of Spain (where heretofore they have used trade and commerce), and trade there with all kind of merchandize, cloths, manufactures, and things of the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the manufactures, goods, fruits, and kinds of the islands, towns, and plantations to Him appertaining, and what shall have been bought by English factors on this side, or farther on the other side of the Cape of Buena Esperança, without being enforced to declare to whom, or for what price they sell their said merchandize and provisions, or being molested for the errors of the masters of the ships, or others, in the entry of the goods ; and at their pleasure to return again out of the Dominions of the King of Spain, with all, or any goods, estates, and merchandize, to any of the Territories, Islands, Dominions, and countries of the King of England, or to any other place, paying the rights and tributes mentioned in the antecedent chapters ; and the rest of all their lading which is not brought to land, they may detain, keep and carry away in their said ship or ships, vessel or vessels, again, without paying any right or imposition whatsoever for it, as if therewith they had never been within any bay or port of the Catholic King. And all the goods, estates, merchandize, ships, or other vessels, with any things introduced into the Dominions or places of the Crown of Great Britain as prizes, and judged for such in the said Dominions and places, shall be taken for goods and merchandize of Great Britain, comprehended so by the intention of this Article.

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XXII. And they shall not be disturbed or disquieted in that liberty by the ships or subjects of the said Kings respectively, by reason of the hostilities which are or may be hereafter between either of the said Kings, and the aforesaid Kingdoms, Countries, and States, or any of them, which shall be in friendship or neutrality with the other.

XXIII. And in case that within the said ships respectively, be found by the abovesaid means, any merchandize hereunder mentioned, being of contraband and prohibited, they shall be taken out and confiscated, before the Admiralty or other competent Judges; but for this reason the ship, and the other free and allowed commodities which shall be found therein, shall in no wise be either seized or confiscated.

XXIV. Moreover, for better prevention of the differences which might arise touching the meaning of forbidden merchandize and of contraband; it is declared and agreed, that under this name shall be comprehended all fire-arms, as ordnance, musquets, mortar-pieces, petards, bombs, granadoes, fire-crancels, fire-balls, musquet-rests, bandeliers, gunpowder, match, salt-petre, and bullets; likewise under the name of forbidden merchandize, are understood all other arms, as pikes, swords, pots, helmets, backs and breasts, halberds, javelins, and such like armour; under this name is likewise forbidden the transportation of soldiers, horses, their harnesses, cases of pistols, holsters, belts, and other furniture, forrhed and composed for the use of war.

XXV. Likewise, to prevent all manner of dispute and contention, it is agreed, that under the name of forbidden merchandize and of contraband, shall not be comprehended wheat, rye, barley, or other grains, or pulse, salt, wine, oil, and generally whatsoever belongs to the sustaining and nourishing of life, but they shall remain free, as likewise all other merchandizes not comprehended in the preceding Article; and the transportation of them shall be free and permitted, although it be to the towns and places of enemies, unless such towns and places be besieged and blocked up, or surrounded.

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parties) shall be restored within three months after the said sequestration.

XXXIII. That the goods and estates of the people and subjects of the one King, that shall die in the Countries, Lands, and Dominions of the other, shall be preserved for the lawful heirs and successors of the deceased; the right of any third person always reserved.

XXXIV. That the goods and estates of the subjects of the King of Great Britain, that shall die without making a will in the Dominions of the King of Spain, shall be put into inventory, with their papers, writings, and books of account, by the Consul or other public Minister of the King of Great Britain, and deposited in the hands of two or three merchants, that shall be named by the said Consul or public Minister, to be kept for the proprietors and creditors; and neither the Cruzada, or any other Judicatory whatsoever, shall intermeddle therein; which also in the like case shall be observed in England towards the subjects of the King of Spain.

XXXV. That a decent and convenient burial-place shall be granted and appointed to bury the bodies of the subjects of the King of Great Britain, who shall die within the Dominions of the King of Spain.

XXXVI. If it shall happen hereafter that any difference fall out (which God forbid) between the King of Great Britain and the King of Spain, whereby the mutual commerce and good correspondence may be endangered, the respective subjects and people of each party shall have notice thereof given them in time, that is to say, the space of six months, to transport their merchandize and effects, without giving them in that time any molestation or trouble, or retaining or embarking their goods or persons.

XXXVII. All goods and rights concealed or embarked, moveables, immoveables, rents, deeds, debts, credits, and the like, which have not, with a formal notice of the cause, and by a legal condemnation, according to the ordinary justice, been brought into the Royal Exchequer at the time of concluding this Treaty, shall remain at the full and free disposal of the proprietors, their heirs, or of those who shall have their right, with all the fruits,

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Lords and States, as shall happen to die in any place under the obedience of the said Lord the King.

XIX. The subjects and inhabitants of the countries of the said Lord the King coming into the countries and lands of the said Lords and States, shall be obliged, with regard to the public exercise of religion, to govern and behave themselves with all modesty, without giving any scandal in word or deed, or uttering any blasphemies: and the same shall be done and observed by the subjects and inhabitants of the countries of the said Lords the States, coming into the lands of the said Lord the King.

XX. The merchants, masters of ships, pilots, seamen, their ships, merchandizes, commodities, and other goods belonging to them, may not be seized and arrested, either by virtue of any general or particular commission, or for any other cause whatsoever, nor upon the account of war or otherwise, nor even under pretext of employing them for the preservation and defence of the country. However, we do not here mean to comprehend the seizures and arrests of justice in the ordinary methods upon account of debts, proper obligations and valid contracts of those upon whom such seizures shall have been made ; in which case actions and suits shall be carried on according to right and reason.

XXI. Certain judges shall be appointed on both sides in equal number, in form of the Chambre Mipartie, who shall sit in the Low Countries, and in such other places as shall be found convenient and proper, and that everywhere, sometimes under the obedience of the one, and sometimes of the other, according as shall be agreed by mutual consent; which judges appointed on both sides, shall (conformably to the commission and instruction that shall be given them, and upon which they shall make oath according to a certain form to be settled on both sides for that effect,) have regard to the negociations of the inhabitants of the said Provinces of the Low Countries, and to the burdens and duties which of both sides shall be laid upon merchandizes: and if the said judges perceive that any excesses are committed on either side, or on both sides, they shall regulate and moderate the said excesses.

Moreover, the said judges shall examine into disputes touching a failure in the execution of the Treaty, and the contraventions thereof, which from time to time may happen in the Countries on this side, as also in the distant Kingdoms, Countries, Provinces, and Islands of Europe ; and shall summarily and fully determine therein, and decide as they see agreeable and conformable to the Treaty: the sentences and determinations of which judges shall be executed by the ordinary judges of the place where contravention shall have been committed, upon the persons of the contraveners, according as occasion and circumstances shall require ; nor must the said ordinary judges neglect to do the said execution, or suffer it to be neglected, but repair the contraventions within the space of six months after they the said ordinary judges shall have been hereto required.

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CEDULA OF PRIVILEGES granted by His Majesty to the English, which reside in Sevilla, San Lucar, Cadix, and Malaga.

Don Philip, by the Grace of God, King of Castille, of Leon, of Arragon, of the Two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, of Portugal, of Navarre, of Granada, of Toledo, of Valencia, of Mallorca, of Sevilla, of Sardinia, of Cordua, of Corvega, of Murcia, of Jaen, of the Algarves, of Algecira, of Gibraltar, of the Islands of the Canaries, of the East and West Indies, Islands, and Terra Firma of the Ocean, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Bourgoña, of Brabant, and of Milan, Count of Apsburg, of Flanders, Lord of Biscay, and of Molina, &c.

For as much as on the part of you Richard Anthony, Consul of the English nation, by you, and in the name of the vassals of the King of Great Britain, information hath been given to me, that by means of the Peace, which between this and that Kingdom is settled, those which do reside and commerce in Andaluzia, principally in the City of Sevilla, San Lucar, Cadiz, and Malaga, humbly entreat me that I would be pleased to confirm to you the privileges, exemptions and liberties which appertain to you, as well by the Articles of the said Peace, as by the confirmations of them, and other favours and indultos, which the King my Lord and Father (now in glory) granted you, and all others whatsoever, that have been granted by my Crowns of these my Kingdoms of Castille and of Portugal, commanding that they be observed and accomplished in all, and through all, without any limitation, and that they may be of more force, to grant them anew, with the qualities, amplifications, conditions and declarations, which may be most convenient for you, imposing punishments upon whom shall contradict them, and not observe them; and that it may be known what they are, that there be given copies of them, of what favour I have granted them, having a due regard to the aforesaid, and because that for the occasions which I have of wars, you have offered to assist me with 2500 ducats of silver, paying 1000 down, and the other 1500 remaining, in the month otorgò escritura de obligacion en forma, ante Juan Cortès de la Cruz, mi escrivano, lo he tenido por bien, y por la presente de mi proprio motu, y cierta ciencia, y poderio real absoluto, de que en esta parte quiero usar, y uso, como Rey, y Señor natural, no reconociente superior en lo temporal, confirmolo, y apruebo los privilegios de exempciones, y facultades que os competen, assi por los capitulos de las dichas Pazes, como por las confirmaciones dellas, y las demás mercedes, indultos, que el Rey mi Señor, mi Padre, os diò, y otras qualesquiera que se ayan dado por mis Coronas de Castilla y Portugal, à los dichos vassallos en todo, y por todo, como en ello, y en cada cosa, y en parte dello se especifica, contiene, y declara, para que sean firmes estables, y valederos, y se os observen, guarden, y cumplan, porque mi intencion, y voluntad deliberada es, que todos los de la dicha nacion gozeis, y gozen de ellos, sin ninguna limitacion. Con calidad, que en el tiempo que residieren en la Andaluzia los dichos Ingleses, à vos, ni a ellos no se os pueda encargar ningun oficio, ni carga publica, ni concegil, tutelas, curadurias, receptorias, thesorerias, aunque sean de Alcavalas, y Millones, y otros servicios que toquen à mi Real Hazienda ; ni tampoco se os puedan pedir prestamos, ni donativos, ni que tomeis juros, ni sus rentas, Cavallos, ni Esclavos.

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oath you shall tender them in Court, the same faith and credit shall be given, as if they were natural Spaniards, without that upon this account, they are molested or troubled, or receive any grievance.

And by reason that for justification of some causes, the judges and justices pretend, that the merchants should exhibit their books of trade, and thereupon they receive vexation and trouble, I command and will, that the books of the merchants of the said nation be not taken from them, but that they produce them in their own houses, to take out the article which shall be appointed, without demanding others; nor may be taken from them any other papers, upon punishment of him that shall contravene herein, to be chastised according to law.

And because likewise the merchants enter their goods in the Custom-house of the City of Sevilla, of all the duties, which, because they are many, is made upon one sheet of paper, and firmed and signed by all the officers, and remains in possession of the warehouse-keeper of the Custom-house, that by virtue thereof, he may deliver such goods as go in bales, packs, trunks, and chests, and after they have taken them out, and put them in their houses, and warehouses, the head-waiter of the Custom-house, and the officers of the half per cent. shall not search your houses, nor goods, causing you trouble and vexation, asking of you

the dispatches, it being manifest that you cannot have them, having left them in the power of the said head-waiter. I prohibit therefore and command, that the houses of the said merchants, shall not be visited, nor be asked of them the dispatches of their goods, which doth not remain in their custody, so that this is to be understood, and is understood of the houses which are within the walls of the said city. And that it may be known, those who are of the said nation, let copies be given of the said privileges, and exemptions which concerns you, and were granted you, as well by the Articles of the said Peace, as in any other manner whatsoever; and for the execution and accomplishing of all the aforesaid, I command those of my Privy Council, and the rest of my Counsellors, Juntas, and Tribunals of my Court, and the President and Justices of my Courts, as also the Judges and Justices of the Peace belonging to my House, Court, and ChanGovernadores, Alcaldes Mayores, y Ordinarios, assi de las dichas Ciudades de Sevilla, Cadiz, y Malaga, y de Sanlucar de Barrameda, como de todas las demàs ciudades, villas, ye lugares destos mis Reynos, y Señorios, y a otros qualesquiera juezes, y justicias de ellos, de qualquier calidad, y condicion que sean, à quien principal, ò accidentalmente tocare en qualquier manera el cumplimiento de todo lo contenido en esta mi carta, que luego que fueren requeridos con ella, ò con su traslado, signado de escrivano publico (que se le ha de dar tanta fee, como al original) cada uno en la parte que le tocare la guarden, y cumplan, y hagan guardar, cumplir, y executar en todo, y por todo, como en ella se contiene, sin que en todo, ò en parte se os pueda poner, ni ponga impedimento, ni otra duda, ni dificultad alguna, ir, ni venir contra su tenor, y forma, ni consientan, ni dèn lugar a que se interprete, limite, ni suspenda en todo, ni en parte, ni que se dèn en contrario Cedulas, Provisiones, ni otros despachos, antes para su observancia en la parte que a cada uno tocare, provean,

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cery, and the Regent, and Judges of my Court de Grados, in the City of Sevilla, and the Chief Magistrate of the Court thereof, and all Mayors, Governors, Magistrates, and other inferior officers, as well of the said cities of Sevilla, Cadiz, and Malaga, and San Lucar de Barrameda, as of all other cities, towns, and places, of these my Kingdoms, and Dominions, and judges, and justices thereof, of whatever quality and condition they may be, to whom principally or accidentally it shall concern in any manner whatsoever, the accomplishing of all that is contained in this my letter, that as soon as they shall have been required herewith, or with a copy thereof, signed by a public notary (to which shall be given as much credit as to the original), each one for that part which shall concern him, observe and accomplish, cause to be observed and accomplished, in all, and through all, as is contained therein, without that in the whole, or in part, there be put any impediment, or other doubt, or difficulty that shall oppose, or contravene its tenor, and form, nor consent, or allow that it be interpreted, limited, or suspended in whole or in part, contrary to the Cedulas, provisions, or other orders for observance thereof, in that part which shall relate to each of you, and that they provide, and give the necessary orders for the greater security of the favour, which by this my letter I grant you; and that at all times this favour may be certain and secure to you, that you may

have a Judge Conservator, for Andaluzia, principally for the said cities of Sevilla, Malaga, Cadiz, and San Lucar de Barrameda, to whom I shall give sufficient commission for the preservation and accomplishing of the said privileges, liberties and exemptions (which may oblige and compel all and every person whatsoever, of whatsoever condition or quality soever they be) as shall concern the said nation, as well in those in which they shall be defendants, as in those in which they shall be plaintiffs, although the person which shall sue them, and of whom they shall be sued, may have any other special judges whatsoever, as well by covenant or contract which they may have made, as by the preeminences or immunities which they may have, because that of the said causes only the said Judge Conservator may take cognizance, and no other Judge or Tribunal whatsoever, although it be for any excess or notorious crimes, or in any other manner and form de Medrano, Juez de la misma audiencia, el qual para los negocios, y pleytos que se ofrecieren en las dichas Ciudades de Cadiz, y Malaga, y en Sanlucar, aya de subdelegar su conservatoria en la persona que por la dicha nacion se le propusiere, para que las substancie hasta la conclusion, y se las remita para determinarlas ; y de lo que el determinare se aya de apelar al mi consejo, y no para otro tribunal alguno. Y porque mi voluntad es, que cada uno en su tiempo tenga jurisdicion, y comission privativa, para ampararos, y defenderos en todo lo contenido en esta mi carta, para que todo ello se guarde, y cumpla en la forma que os està ofrecido; he tenido por bien de encargar, como por la presente les encargo la proteccion, y amparo desto, y les mando vean esta mi carta, y las calidades, y condiciones, y preeminencias, y ampliaciones en ella contenidas: y todo ello lo hagan guardar, y cumplir, y executar en la forma, segun, y de la manera que en ella se contiene, y declara, sin consentir, ni dar lugar à que en todo, ni en parte se os pueda poner, ni ponga duda, ni dificultad alguna; y ante el dicho Don Francisco de Vergara, y en su ausencia ante el dicho Don Francisco de Medrano, y no ante otro Juez alguno privativamente en primera instancia ayan de passar, y seguirse todas las causas, y pleytos que sobre lo referido, y qualquier cesa, y parte dello se hizieren, y causaren, y la execucion, y castigo de los inobedientes; porque mi voluntad es, que el conocimiento, y determinacion de todo lo contenido en esta mi carta privativamente les aya de tocar, y toque, procediendo en todo contra los que fueren culpados executando en ellos las penas, que hallaren por derecho, reservando, como reservo, las apelaciones que de sus autos, y sententias se interpusieren para el mi consejo, y no para otro tribunal alguno, sin que ninguno de los demás mis consejos, tribunales, audiencias, ni chancillerias, ni otros ningunos Juezes, ni justicias de los mis Reynos, y Señorios, de qualquier calidad que sea, puedan entrometer, no entrometan en ello, ni en el uso, ni exercicio de la jurisdicion privativa en la dicha primera instancia, que por esta mi Cedula les doy, por via de excesso, apelacion, ni otro recurso, ni manera alguna; a los quales, y à cada uno dellos inhivo, y he por inhividos de su conocimiento, y los declaro por Juezes incompetentes de él, que para todo, y cada cosa, y parte dello les doy el poder mas cumplido, y la comission mas amplia

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todo ello se les guarde, y cumpla en la forma que les està ofrecido, he tenido por bien de encargaros, como por la presente os encargo la proteccion, y amparo de esto, y os mando veais la dicha provision, y las calidades, preeminencias, y ampliaciones en ella contenidas, y todo ello lo hazed guardar, y cumplir en la forma, segun, y de la manera que en la dicha provision, y en esta mi Cedula se declara, sin consentir, ni dar lugar a que en todo, ni Favours and indultos, which the King my Lord and father (now in Glory) granted them, and with the other qualities, conditions, pre-eminences, and amplifications in the said Decree declared, for having offered to serve me with 2,500 ducats of silver, according as more largely thereby doth appear, to which I refer myself; and one of the conditions which I did grant them, was, that I would name and allow them a Judge Conservator for Andalusia, principally for the said Two Cities, and San Lucar de Barrameda, to whom should be given sufficient commission for the observance and accomplishment of the said privileges, liberties, and exemptions, who should take cognizance of all Causes, both civil and criminal, which should be brought against them, in which they were made defendants, that before him should come all law-suits, and Causes whatsoever, which should concern the said English, or any other persons whatsoever, of whatsoever quality they may be, as well those in which they shall be defendants, as in those in which they shall be plaintiffs, although the persons that shall sue them may have special Judges, as well by agreement or contract, which they may have made, by the preeminence or immunity which they may have, because of the said Causes, only shall take special cognizance the said Judge Conservator, and no other Judge, or tribunal, although it may be by way of excess, or in any other manner or form whatsoever, and that for the causes and suits that shall offer in the said cities of Cadiz and Malaga, and San Lucar, may be substituted their Commission in the person, which by the said nation shall be proposed, that he may bring things to a conclusion, and that they be remitted to him to determine, and of that which the said judge shall so determine, they may appeal to my Council, and not to any other tribunal, and that the time you shall act in the said Court, you shall be esteemed as such, and in your absence, and after you, he whom the said nation, in the said city of Sevilla shall appoint, and because that my will is, that all this be observed and accomplished in the form as is expressed, I have thought fit to give charge to you, and by this present to give you charge of the protection and defence hereof, and command you that you see the said Decree, and the conditions, pre-eminences and amplifications therein contained, and all of it be observed en parte se les pueda poner, ni ponga duda, ni dificultad alguna, y ante vos, y no ante otro Juez alguno en primera instancia ayan de passar, y seguirse todas las causas, y pleytos que sobre esto, y qualquier cosa, y parte de ello se hizieren, y causaren ; y conocer assimismo de todas las causas civiles, y criminales en que fueren reconvenidos, que contra ellos se intentaren ; y ante vos han de passar qualesquiera pleytos, y causas que tocaren a los dichos Ingleses entre qualesquier personas, de qualquier calidad que sean, y la execucion, y castigo de los inobedientes ; porque mi voluntad es, que el conocimiento, y determinacion de todo lo contenido en la dicha provision, y en esta mi Cedula de ampliacion privativamente os aya de tocar, y toque, procediendo en todo contra los que fueren culpados, executando en ellos las penas que hallaredes por derecho, sin que ningunos tribunales, audiencias, ni Chancillerias, ni otros ningunos juezes, y justicias de los mis Reynos, y Señorios de la Corona de Castilla, de qualquier calidad que sean, se pueda entrometer, ni entrometa en ello, ni en el uso, ni exercicio de la jurisdicion privativa en la dicha primera instancia, que por esta mi Cedula os doy, por via de excesso, apelacion, ni otro recurso, ni manera alguna, à los quales, y a cada uno dellos inhivo, ye he por inhividos de su conocimiento, y los declaro por juezes incompetentes dél, que para todo, y cada cosa, y parte dello os doy el poder mas cumplido, y la comission mas amplia que por derecho se requiere, y es necessaria, con sus incidencias, y dependencias, anexidades, y conexidades, y que despues de vos, la dicha nacion Inglesa de la dicha Ciudad de Sevilla ha de poder nombrar en la dicha comission uno de los juezes de essa audiencia, el que eligiere la dicha nacion: y mando a los del mi Consejo de la Camara, que presentandose ante ellos el nombramiento suyo, llegado el caso de vacar la dicha comission por promocion, ò vacacion vuestra, ò en otra manera, la despachen por ordinaria al que fuere nombrado en ella, en la forma, segun, y como en esta mi Cedula se dispone. Y para que mejor se cumpla todo lo contenido en la dicha provision, y en esta mi Cedula, os doy facultad, poder, y autoridad, para que podais subdelegar, y subdelegueis esta comission, para los negocios, y pleytos que se ofrecieren en las dichas Ciudades de Cadiz, Malaga, y en Sanlucar, en la persona que por

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la dicha nacion se propusiere, para que substancie hasta la conclusion, y os los remita para determinarlos en la forma que os pareciere, y vieredes que conviene para la seguridad de la dicha provision, y que todo se guarde en la forma que por ella se dispone, y manda, no embargante qualesquier leyes, y pragmaticas de los dichos mis reynos, y señorios, ordenanças, estilo, uso, ye costumbre, y otra, qualquiera cosa que aya, ò pueda aver en contrario: con todo lo qual, para en quanto a esto toca, y por esta vez dispenso, y lo abrogo, y derogo, caso, y anulo, y doy por ninguno, y de ningun valor, y efecto, quedando en su fuerça, y vigor para en lo demás adelante. Fecha en Zaragoza, à 26 Junio, de 1645.

Yo, El Rey. Por Mandado del Rey nuestro Señor,

ANTONIO CARNERO.

Don Phelipo, por la Gratia de Dios, Rey de Castilla, de Leon, de Aragon, de las dos Sicilias, de Jerusalem, de Navarra, de Granada, de Toledo, de Valencia, de Galicia, de Mallorca, de Sevilla, de Cerdeña, de Cordova, de Corcega, de Murcia, de Jaen, de los Algarves, de Algecira, de Gibraltar, de las Islas de Canaria, de las Indias Orientales, y Occidentales, Islas y Tierra firme del Mar Oceano, Archiduque de Austria, Duque de Borgoña, de Bravante, y Milan, Conde de Apsburg, de Flandes, de Tirol, de Barcelona, Señor de Vizcaya, y de Molina, &c. Por quanto por una mi Carta, y Provision de diez

y nueve de Março deste año, hize merced à vos los vassallos del Rey de la Grand Bretaña, que residis en el Andaluzia, de approbar, y confirmar los privilegios, cedulas, y franquezas, que os están concedidos por las Coronas de Castilla, y Portugal, y mandè que se os guardassen, y cumpliessen los capitulos de las pazes hechas entre mi Corona, y la de Inglaterra ; y por otra mi cedula de 26 de Junio del mismo año, os nombre Juez Conservador, para que may substitute, and do substitute this Commission for matters and law suits that shall offer in the said cities of Cadiz, Malaga, and San Lucar, in the person that by the said nation shall be proposed to you, that he may conclude matters, you remitting to him the termination thereof, in the form you shall think fit, such as may be for the security of the said Decree, and that all may be observed in the form, which by it is ordained and commanded, any laws and pragmaticas of my said Kingdoms and Dominions, ordonnances, stile, use and custom, or anything whatsoever, to the contrary notwithstanding: all which, and for as much as relates to these presents, I dispense with, abrogate, and derogate, make void and annul, count for nothing, and of no value and force, and that these presents remain in full force and vigour for the future. Done in Zaragoza, the 26th of June, in the Year 1645.

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And because that all ships that come to these my said Kingdoms, from those of England, Ireland, and Scotland, the minister of the contrabands, and of the Almoxarifazgo upon searching them, as they enter the ports, cause great vexations and trouble to the masters of them, and shut up the holes and hatches of the said ships, deferring the visiting them eight or fifteen days, putting waiters aboard at the cost of the masters, who they will have to maintain them, and make them presents, I command the said ministers, as well of the contraband, as those of Almoxarifazgo, and every of them, that within three days they shall and do make the said visit, without putting waiters aboard them, or taking any duties by reason thereof, and if they shall put them, it shall be at the cost of the Chief Almoxarifazgo and the admiralty, since you owe nothing: and when there shall come into the said ports of Malaga, Cadiz, and San Lucar, any ship with provisions, or merchandizes, neither at the time of the visit, and of the unloading, nor at any other, as aforesaid, I order that the judges and officers of the contraband, nor admiralty, nor any others, may not put or do put in them waiters at the cost of the masters or owners, nor do give you any trouble, either the one or the other upon that account, according to what is ordered in the fourth Article of the institution of the said admiralty, by which it is expressed, relating thereunto, for the satisfaction of the waiters and other officers, in the eighth Article of the peace, in which it is ordered, that the vassals of the one King in the territory of the other, shall be treated as the natives themselves, in whose ships never are put waiters at the cost of the masters or owners thereof.

And because also, that the officers of the contraband in the said ports, as soon as the ships cast anchor, demand of the masters their Manifest, and if they do not find in it the merchandizes that come consigned to you, they give you trouble, although you have the bills of lading that the masters have signed for them, to deliver them according to their consignment, in which you receive a great deal of damage, because that the best instrument you can son los conocimientos de los maestres, porque por ellos los apremiais por justicia a que os entreguen las mercaderias; y 'si los maestres por descuydo, ò por malicia no las escriven en dichos libros de sobordo, no es justo que se execute la pena en los dueños de las mercaderias, sino en los maestres, y navios; y executandose en esta forma, los libros de sobordo siempre estaràn justificados. En quanto a esto es mi voluntad, y declaro, que los maestres cumplan con exhivir los libros de sobordo a los tres dias de como ayan entrado en los dichos puertos; y mando, que por esta causa, mostrando los dueños de las mercaderias los conocimientos, no se os pueda hazer, ni haga causa, ni molestia alguna.

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està el comercio, y os obligan à mudar las mercaderias, las quales se os maltratan, y hurtan; quiero, y mando, que durante el tiempo de vuestro arrendamiento, no se os puedan quitar las dichas casas por ninguna persona, aunque sea juez, y tenga privilegio para ticular.

Y para que todo ello sea cierto, y seguro, mando al Regente, у

Juezes de la mi Audiencia de Grados de la Ciudad de Sevilla, y Alcaldes de la Quadra de ella, y al mi Assistente de la dicha Ciudad, y à su Lugar-Teniente en el dicho oficio, y a los demás Juezes, y Justicias de ella, y de otras qualesquier Ciudados, Villas, y lugares de los mis Reynos, y Señorios de la Corona de Castilla, à quien principal, ò incidentemente tocare todo lo aqui contenido, que todas las causas que estuvieren pendientementes, en que vosotros fueredes reos, siendo de las calidades en esta mi carta declaradas, provean, y den orden se remitay luego al Juez Conservador que os tengo nombrado, en el estado que estuvieren, aunque se ayan empezado antes, ò despues de la dicha mi provişion de 19 de Março deste año, juntamente con las dichas provision, y Cedulas, sin embargo de averse mandado por la dicha mi Audiencia de Grados dar traslado de ello al dicho mi Fiscal, y sin poner en ello escusa, replica, duda, ni dificultad alguna; a los quales mando, que no se entrometan, ni puedan entrometer en cosa alguna, tocante a lo contenido en las dichas provision, y Cedulas, y en esta mi carta, sino que las guarden, y cumplan, y hagan guardar, cumplir, y executar en todo, y por todo, como en ellas se contiene, y à cada uno en la parte que le tocare, las haga llevar, y lleve a pura, y debida execucion, con efecto, de manera que todo ello se cumpla, sin que sea necessario ocurrir mas à mi sobre esto, no embargante qualesquier leyes y pragmaticas de los mis Reynos, y Señorios, ordenanças, estilo, uso, y costumbre, y todo lo demás que aya, ò pueda aver en contrario, con lo qual para en quanto a esto toca, y por esta vez dispenso, y lo abrogo, y derogo, caso, y anulo, y doy por de ningun valor, y efecto, quedando en su fuerça, y vigor para en lo demás adelante; y desta mi carta han de tomar la razon los Contadores que la tienen de mi Real Hazienda, y declaro, que desta merced aveis pagado el derecho de la media anata. Dada en Valencia, à 9 de Noviembre, de 1645.

Yo, El Rey.

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On the contrary, Their Royal Majesties shall be obliged the one to promote the advantage, honour, and interest of the other, and to direct their councils to that end with all care, that by mutual proof of friendship, the peace which is now made, may daily receive new additions of strength.

VII. That the ordinary distribution of justice be restored and open again through the Kingdoms and Dominions of each of Their Royal Majesties, so that it may be free for all the subjects on both sides, to prosecute and obtain their rights, pretensions and actions, according to the laws, constitutions, and statutes of each Kingdom. And especially if there be any complaints concerning injuries or grievances, which have been done contrary to the tenour of the Treaties, either in time of peace, or at the beginning of the war lately ended, care shall be taken that the damages be forthwith made good, according to the rule of justice.

VIII. That there be a free use of navigation and commerce between the subjects of each Kingdom, as it was heretofore, in time of peace, and before the declaration of this late war, in the reign of Charles the Second (of Glorious Memory), Catholic King of Spain, according to the Treaties of friendship, confederation, and commerce, which were formerly made between both nations, according to ancient customs, letters patents, Cedulas, and other particular Acts; and also according to the Treaty or Treaties of Commerce which are now, or will forthwith be made at Madrid. And whereas among other conditions of the general peace, it is by common consent established as a chief and fundamental rule, that the exercise of navigation and commerce to the Spanish West Indies should remain in the same state it was in the time of the aforesaid King Charles the Second ; that therefore this rule may hereafter be observed with inviolable faith, and in a manner never to be broken, and thereby all causes of distrust and suspicion concerning that matter may be prevented and removed, it is especially agreed and concluded, that no licence, nor any permission at all, shall at any time be given, either to the French, or to any nation whatever, in any name, or under any pretence, directly or indirectly, to sail, to traffic in, or introduce negroes, goods, merchandizes, or any things whatsoever, into the Dominions subject to the Crown of Spain in America, except what may be agreed by the Treaty or Treaties of Commerce abovesaid (and the rights and privileges granted in a certain Convention, commonly called el Assiento de Negros, whereof mention is made in the 12th Article; except also whatsoever the said Catholic King, or His heirs or successors, shall promise by any contract or contracts for the introduction of negroes into the Spanish West Indies, to be made after that the Convention or the Assiento de Negros above-mentioned shall be determined). And that more strong and full precautions may be taken on all sides, as abovesaid, concerning the navigation and commerce to the West Indies, it is hereby further agreed and concluded, that neither the Catholic King, nor any of His heirs and successors whatsoever, shall sell, yield, pawn, transfer, or by any means, or under any name, alienate from them and the Crown of Spain, to the French or to any other nations whatever, any lands, Dominions, or Territories, or any part thereof belonging to Spain in America. On the contrary, that the Spanish Dominions in the West Indies may be preserved whole and entire, the Queen of Great Britain engages, that She will endeavour, and give assistance to the Spaniards, that the ancient limits of their Dominions in the West Indies be restored, and settled as they stood in the time of the abovesaid Catholic King, Charles the Second, if it shall appear that they have in any manner, or under any pretence, been broken into, and lessened in any part, since the death of the aforesaid Catholic King, Charles the Second.

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alienate therefroin the propriety of the said town of Gibraltar, it is hereby agreed and concluded, that the preference of having the same shall always be given to the Crown of Spain before any others.

XV. Their Royal Majesties on both parts renew and confirm all Treaties of peace, friendship, confederation, and commerce, made heretofore, and concluded between the Crowns of Great Britain and Spain, and the said Treaties are hereby renewed and confirmed in as full and ample manner, as if they were now particularly here inserted: that is to say, as far as they are not found to be contrary to the Treaties of peace and commerce which were the last made and signed. [And especially by this Treaty those Agreements, Treaties, and Conventions, are confirmed and strengthened, which relate as well to the exercise of commerce and navigation in Europe, and elsewhere, as to the introduction of negroes into the Spanish West Indies, and which either are already made, or will forth with be made between both nations at Madrid.] And whereas it is insisted on the part of Spain, that certain rights of fishing at the Island of Newfoundland belong to the Guipuscoans, or other subjects of the Catholic King, Her Britannic Majesty consents and agrees, that all such privileges as the Guipuscoans and other people of Spain are able to make claim to by right, shall be allowed and preserved to them.

XVII. But if it happen through inadvertency, or imprudence, or any other cause, that any subject of either of their aforesaid Royal Majesties, do or commit any thing by land, sea, or on fresh waters, in any part of the world, whereby this present Treaty be not observed, or whereby any particular Article of the same hath not its effect, this peace and good correspondence between the Queen of Great Britain and the Catholic King, shall not therefore be interrupted or broken, but shall remain in its former strength, force, and vigour. And that subject only shall be answerable for his own fact, and shall suffer such punishment as is inflicted by law, and according to the prescriptions of the law of nations.

XVIII. But if (which God forbid) the disputes which are composed, should at any time be renewed between Their said Royal Majesties, and break out into open war, the ships, merchandizes, and goods, both moveable and immoveable, of the subjects on both sides, which shall be found to be and remain in the Ports and Dominions of the adverse Party, shall not be confiscated, or suffer any damage ; but the space of six months, on the one part and on the other, shall be granted to the said subjects of each of Their said Royal Majesties, in order to their selling the aforesaid things, or any other their effects, or carrying away and transporting the same from thence, whithersoever they please, without any molestation. Signed and sealed at Utrecht, the isth of July, 1713.

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of duties, shall exact the said rights again, or shall give any trouble, or stop the

passage of the wares on that account, the officer guilty of the said fault, shall incur the penalty of 2,000 ducats, payable to the use of His Majesty's chamber, or of the general Hospital at Madrid; the notaries of the Custom-houses, or the contraband, shall not receive above 15 ryals villon for dispatching the said certificates, unless it shall be otherwise agreed in settling the new book of rates.

VI. And as the subjects of Their Majesties are to enjoy on both sides an entire, secure, and unmolested use and liberty of navigation and commerce, as long as the peace and friendship entered into by Their Majesties and Their Crowns shall continue, so likewise Their Majesties have provided that the said subjects shall not be deprived of that security for any little difference which may possibly arise, but that they shall, on the contrary, enjoy all the benefits of peace until war be declared between the Two Crowns.

And it is further agreed, that if it should happen (which God prevent) that war should arise, and be declared between Their Majesties and Their Kingdoms, then according to the contents of the 36th Article of the afore-mentioned Treaty of 1667, after the declaration of such a rupture, the space of six months shall be allowed to the subjects of each Party, residing in the Dominions of the other, in which they shall be permitted to withdraw with their families, goods, inerchandizes, effects, and ships, and to transport them, after having paid the due and accustomed imposts, either by sea or land, to whatsoever place they please, and they shall also be suffered to sell and alienate their moveable and immoveable goods, and freely, and without any disturbance, to carry away the price of them ; nor shall their goods, wealth, merchandizes, or effects, much less their persons, be in the mean time detained or molested by any seizure or arrest. Moreover the subjects of each side shall in the mean time enjoy and obtain quick and impartial justice, by means of which they may, before the expiration of the six months, recover the goods and effects which they have lent, either to the public or to private persons.

VII. And it is further agreed, that all the losses which the subjects of either Crown shall duly prove that they have sustained in the beginning of the late war (contrary to the tenor of the 36th Article of the above-mentioned Treaty), whether they consisted of moveable or immoveable goods, shall be reciprocally made good, without any delay to them, their lawful procurators, heirs, or those to whom their cause is intrusted, and restitution shall be made of those goods, whether lands, buildings, or inheritance, or of what sort soever they are which remain and were confiscated, and the just and lawful price of those goods which cannot be recovered, whether moveable or immoveable, shall be paid; and their Majesties have articled and agreed that the said payments (the pretensions to them being, as is aforesaid, fully proved) shall faithfully be performed and made by their treasurers on each part.

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The Catholic King consents, that appeals from sentences in Causes concerning the British subjects, may be brought before the tribunal of the Council of War at Madrid, and no where else.

XVI. If any minister or other subject of Her Majesty of Great Britain, or of His Catholic Majesty, shall violate this Treaty, or any Article of it, he shall be responsible for all the damage occasioned by it, and if he be placed in any public office, he shall, besides making satisfaction to the injured party (as is aforesaid), be deprived of his office also.

XVII. The subjects of Great Britain having brought by sea from any other port in Spain, wine, brandy, oil, soap, dried grapes,

, or other merchandizes, and producing certificates that the duties were paid at the place whence they set sail, shall be suffered to put the same into their ships lying at Cadiz, or there to remove them from one ship to another (with the consent of the inspectors of the maritime affairs, and in the presence of them, or their deputies, if they have a mind to be there, and at a seasonable time, to be appointed by the said inspectors within four and twenty hours, in order to prevent all frauds whatsoever), and to carry away from thence, with this liberty, that they shall not pay the duty called Hondeaxe, or any other of entrance or going out.

The present Treaty shall be ratified by the Most Serene Queen of Great Britain, and the Most Serene Catholic King, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Utrecht, within two months, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof, we, the under-written Ambassadors Extraordinary, and Plenipotentiaries of the Queen of Great Britain and the Catholic King have signed and sealed this present Instrument at Utrecht, the day of

1713. Signed Jon. Bristol, (L. S.) DUC DE OssUNA, (L. S.)

EL MARQUE DE MONTELEON, (L.S.)

We having seen and considered the above-written Treaty, have approved, ratified, and confirmed the same, as we do by these presents, for ourselves, our heirs and successors, approve, ratify, and confirm it excepting only three Articles thereof, viz.: the 3rd, 5th, and 8th, concluded at Utrecht, which are to be observed and understood in the manner and form following:

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second time, under the pains established by the laws. And His Catholic Majesty declares, that if any officer of the Alcavalas and Cientos shall exact a second time the said duties on the same merchandize, when the said receipts and marks have been produced, or should obstruct their passage, or transportation, or occasion the least impediment, such officer shall be fined 2,000 crowns to the benefit of His Majesty's revenues. And the officers of the custom-houses shall not demand or take for making such receipts or certificates more than 15 reals vellon, unless it be otherwise settled in the new book of rates.

VIII. His Catholic Majesty consents, that the duties commonly called Millones, which are payable upon fish and other sorts of domestic provisions, shall not be demanded in the first ports or custom-houses of entry in Spain, during such time as the proprietors will let them remain in the warehouses appointed for that purpose.

But in case the owner shall desire to take them out, either to send into the country, sell them on the place, or carry them to their own houses, they are then to give bond, with good security, to pay the said duty of Millones in two months after date of the said bond, upon which the necessary dispatches are to be given them. And the said merchandize shall be marked with the seals or marks of the farmers of the Millones where the said duties were secured, after which the said goods may be transported to, and sold in the places where they are to be consumed, without paying any new duties of Millones. His Majesty also declares, that if after the receipts are produced, any officer belonging to the farmers of the Millones should exact a second time the same duties on the same goods, or should oppose their passage, transport, or sale, or occasion the least impediment, the said officer shall be fined 2,000 crowns, for the benefit of His Majesty's revenue.

Therefore, by virtue of these presents, we do approve and ratify the Treaty above written, as likewise the three Articles, viz.: the third, fifth, and eighth, as they are set forth in this Instrument of ratification, and are to be taken as part of the said Treaty, and to have the same force and effect, as if they had been inserted therein : promising and engaging our Royal word, that we will faithfully and religiously perform and observe all and singular the